BM: Nước máy ở Mỹ an toàn?

Thưa quí bạn, cứ tưởng nước máy ở Mỹ an toàn, ai ngờ tin mới nhận được ngày hôm nay thấy rằng đã nhiều năm nay có tới 5300 hệ thống cung cấp nước đã vi phạm để lượng chì và đồng cao hơn qui định.

Các bạn đọc tin dưới đây và kiểm coi có đang ở trong vùng "ô nhiễm" không?

Lưu ý là dù ở tại nhà các bạn có máy lọc nước, nhưng khi đi ăn ngoài có khi các bạn đã được nhà bếp nấu nướng bằng nước từ vòi nước thành phố cung cấp.

Tin CNN ngày hôm nay: 18 triệu người Mỹ bị ảnh hưởng, có nghĩa là đã uống nước nhiễm kim loại chì khá lâu.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2HvlxYleYB0

HCD 28-Jun-2016

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5,300 U.S. water systems are in violation of lead rules

Eighteen million Americans live in communities where the water systems are in violation of the law. Moreover, the federal agency in charge of making sure those systems are safe not only knows the issues exist, but it's done very little to stop them, according to a new report and information provided to CNN by multiple sources and water experts.

"Imagine a cop sitting, watching people run stop signs, and speed at 90 miles per hour in small communities and still doing absolutely nothing about it -- knowing the people who are violating the law. And doing nothing. That's unfortunately what we have now," said Erik Olson, health program director at Natural Resources Defense Council, which analyzed the EPA's data for its report.

In this case, the "cop" is a combination of the states and the EPA. States are the first line of enforcement, but when they fail -- as they did recently in Flint, Michigan -- the EPA is supposed to step in. But in many cases, the agency hasn't.

17.6 million people served by community water systems with reported violations of the lead and copper rule (2015)

More than 5,300 water systems in America are in violation of the EPA's lead and copper rule, a federal regulation in place to safeguard America's drinking water from its aging infrastructure.

Violations include failure to properly test water for lead, failure to report contamination to residents, and failure to treat water properly to avoid lead contamination. Yet, states took action in 817 cases; the EPA took action in just 88 cases, according to NRDC's report.

What's worse, the report reveals that the EPA is also aware that many utilities "game the system," using flawed or questionable testing methods in order to avoid detecting high levels of lead.

That means there could be many more communities violating the laws, exposing residents to dangerous levels of lead. And the public has no idea.

How to test for lead in your home water supply

Populations served by community water systems with reported health-based violations of the lead and copper rule (2015)

Even Flint, a city with the most notorious case of lead in water discovered, is still not listed as having violated the EPA's lead and copper rule.

In response to the report, the EPA said it works closely with states "who are responsible for and do take the majority of the drinking water enforcement actions and are the first line of oversight of drinking water systems."

The agency added that, "it's important to note that many of the drinking water systems that NRDC cites in its analysis are already working to resolve past violations and return to compliance with the Safe Drinking Water Act in consultation with state regulators or EPA."

Community water systems with action level exceedances (ales)

Gaming the system for years

A Virginia Tech researcher credited with exposing two of the nation's largest lead-in-water crises -- in Washington D.C. in the early 2000s, and in Flint last year -- said he noticed several years ago that the EPA was turning a blind eye to the "cheating" by local water utilities.

"Cheating became something you didn't even hide," researcher Marc Edwards told CNN.

Among the bad practices adopted by water utilities: selectively testing homes that are unlikely to have high levels of lead, asking residents to "pre-flush" their taps, and taking water samples "slowly," which reduces lead levels.

He wrote a paper on this in 2009. Then in 2011, Edwards said he overheard a local water official openly brag about cheating on the lead and copper rule.

"Right in front of EPA," Edwards said. "And I went back after that conference and I wrote EPA and I said, "How can you allow this to occur? I mean, what are you going to do about this?" He later shared that letter in congressional testimony. It concludes with a line saying the EPA, "does not care whether children are lead poisoned from public drinking water."

Why lead is so dangerous for children

The EPA says it's working on strengthening the lead and copper rule, and "focusing on enhanced oversight of the states, including implementation of the existing rule."

But Alan Morrissey, former senior attorney in the EPA's office of water enforcement, told CNN that addressing the problem could create even more violations for the already-strapped EPA water department. Morrissey left the EPA in 2015, frustrated by a lack of emphasis on water.