“Bom
người” – vũ khí khủng bố mới khiến cả thế giới lo sợ
Tuần
qua, các chuyên gia tình báo Mỹ xác nhận chuyên gia chế tạo bom của al-Qaeda đã
nghĩ ra cách giấu chất nổ bên trong cơ thể người mà các máy rà an ninh hiện đại
nhất không thể phát hiện ra, đồng thời đã phát triển được một loại chất nổ lỏng
có thể thấm vào vải ướt và phát nổ khi khô đi.
Cảnh báo khủng bố bằng “bom người” gia tăng ở
“Bom người”, bom quần áo
Hai “bom người” nói trên, cùng nhiều loại bom tinh vi khác được sử dụng trong các vụ khủng bố, ám sát đánh bom liều chết gần đây đều là sản phẩm của Ibrahim al-Asirir – chuyên gia chế tạo bom hàng đầu của al-Qaeda. Hắn là anh trai của Abdullah al-Asiri – kẻ đánh bom liều chết nhằm vào Hoàng tử
Hiện tại, Ibrahim al-Asiri được coi là kẻ khủng bố nguy hiểm nhất thế giới.
Al-Asiri – 31 tuổi, con
trai một binh sĩ Saudi nghỉ hưu, đã được đào tạo về hóa học và được coi là
“thiên tài” về chế tạo bom. Hắn đã tấn công nhiều mục tiêu ở phương Tây, Trung
Đông và Bắc Phi bằng những loại bom công nghệ cao, như bom giày, bom đồ lót,
bom cài trong máy in... Các cơ quan chống khủng bố đã vây bắt al-Asiri nhiều
năm nay. CIA nghĩ rằng đã giết được hắn trong một vụ không kích ở Yemen
tháng 9.2011. Nhưng 6 tháng sau đó, al-Asiri cho thấy mình còn sống bằng âm mưu
đánh bom một hãng hàng không ở Detroit ,
Mỹ, nhân kỷ niệm ngày Osama Bin Laden thiệt mạng, bằng loại bom giấu trong đồ
lót do hắn mới chế tạo. Cũng trong thời gian đó, có một vụ không kích nhắm vào
al-Asiri, nhưng kẻ thiệt mạng là một thủ lĩnh al-Qaeda khác.
Các máy rà an ninh hiện đại
nhất chưa thể phát hiện được bom cấy ghép bên trong cơ thể người.
"Ibrahim
al-Asiri là một tên tội phạm nguy hiểm được đào tạo chuyên nghiệp và dày dặn
kinh nghiệm" - Phó cố vấn An ninh quốc gia về An ninh nội địa và Chống
khủng bố Mỹ John Brennan phát biểu trên BBC. Liên tục tạo ra các loại bom mới
ngày càng tinh vi, có khả năng qua mắt mọi thiết bị an ninh tối tân, al-Asiri
được coi là kẻ khủng bố nguy hiểm số 1, hơn cả thủ lĩnh al-Qaeda al-Zawahiri.
Năm 2011, tình báo Mỹ biết rằng Al-Asiri đang làm việc với các bác sĩ phẫu
thuật của al-Qaeda để thử nghiệm loại “bom người” trên chó và các con vật khác.
Giống như các loại bom trước đó, “bom người” không có kim loại và có thể lọt
qua các cửa kiểm tra an ninh ngặt nghèo nhất.
Năm ngoái, một nguồn tin cho biết tình báo Mỹ đã có một báo cáo mật dài 15-20
trang mô tả chi tiết việc al-Asiri và các bác sĩ đã phát triển kỹ thuật cấy
ghép “bom người”. Thực tế, việc giấu các món đồ trong người không phải mới. Các
điệp viên trong thời chiến cũng thường giấu bản đồ và thông điệp nhỏ trong trực
tràng. Tuy nhiên, với loại “bom người” mới của al-Asiri, bom được phẫu thuật
cấy ghép sâu hẳn vào cơ thể ở những nơi như bụng, ngực hay mông, sau đó được
kích nổ bằng điện thoại di động hoặc tiêm chất TATP vào người. Theo các chuyên
gia, một người có thể chứa tới 2,2kg chất nổ, và kẻ khủng bố có thể dễ dàng
mang kim tiêm lên máy bay với lý do bị tiểu đường.
Hiện nay, các máy rà an ninh hiện đại nhất mới chỉ phát hiện được các loại vũ
khí hoặc bom gắn bên ngoài cơ thể, chứ không có khả năng phát hiện các loại bom
cấy bên trong cơ thể người. Đang có một cuộc đua công nghệ giữa những kẻ khủng
bố và các cơ quan chống khủng bố. Nhưng sự thật đáng sợ là những kẻ khủng bố
luôn đi trước một bước. Và trong khi chờ đợi một loại máy tối tân phát hiện được
bom cấy ghép bên trong cơ thể thì cả thế giới vẫn phải nơm nớp sống chung với
những quả “bom người” có thể phát nổ bất kỳ lúc nào, bất kỳ ở đâu.
Nightmare
of terrorists with bombs surgically implanted INSIDE their bodies
The
new threat of the human bomb emerged amid a terror alert in Yemen - where Al Qaeda is
regrouping - over imminent attacks planned on Western targets
The clean-shaven young man with a winning smile had passed through Heathrow’s airport security without any problems. He was wearing jeans and a T-shirt with smart brown loafers, not baggy clothes or trainers.
The clean-shaven young man with a winning smile had passed through Heathrow’s airport security without any problems. He was wearing jeans and a T-shirt with smart brown loafers, not baggy clothes or trainers.
The
body search was perfunctory. His small backpack contained a couple of books and
lads’ magazines. The small diabetic kit with the syringe attracted sympathy in
one so young.
Safely
on board, he settled down to read a magazine as the 747 took off for Chicago .
Somewhere over
He
then blew up. The blast tore a hole in the fuselage and the fuel tanks
exploded.
The
insulin he had injected was, in fact, the liquid chemical explosive triacetone
triperoxide (TATP), which detonated the plastic explosive in his stomach.
Flight
Number 4201, with 416 passengers, disintegrated and fell from the skies. There
were no survivors.
This
is, of course, a fictional account of a terrorist attack, though the tactics
and technique have been developed. They terrify counter-terrorism experts.
We
are in the age of the human bomb. This week, U.S. intelligence experts admitted
that Al Qaeda’s master bomb maker Ibrahim al-Asirir has devised a way of
concealing explosives inside the body that can avoid detection by sophisticated
scanners.
They
also claimed Al Qaeda had developed an undetectable liquid explosive that can
be soaked into clothing and ignited when dry.
These
new threats emerged amid a terror alert in Yemen — where Al Qaeda is
regrouping — over imminent attacks planned on Western targets.
But
the truth is that the ‘human bomb’ has already been used. In Kabul , it was recently confirmed that an
attack made last year had been by a suicide bomber who had planted a bomb
inside himself.
The
target was Asadullah Khalid, head of Afghanistan ’s equivalent of MI5,
the National Directorate of Security. He comes from a political dynasty and
probably worked with the CIA during the rebellion against the Taliban between
1996 and 2001.
In
early 2007, Khalid survived a suicide bomb attack on his motorcade, with
superficial injuries. In 2011, the Taliban tried to kill him again. They do not
give up, especially with such a major target.
Then,
on December 6 last year, Khalid was told that a ‘peace envoy’ had appeared,
dispatched by the Taliban’s ruling Shura Council. He received this ‘envoy’ in a
Kabul
guesthouse.
Having
already survived two assassination attempts, Khalid was taking no chances.
Aides took the mystery visitor to a basement safe room, where he was ordered to
strip under the gaze of closed-circuit TV cameras.
Satisfied
that the man had no weapons or explosives, he was presented to Khalid.
n
that instant, the ‘peace envoy’ blew up. Khalid survived, but with severe
abdominal injuries and wounds to his hands and arms.
It
remains unclear where the bomb was concealed, though Afghan security experts
think it was inside the bomber’s rectum or scrotum. How it was triggered is
also unknown.
Khalid
was flown to Washington ’s
Walter Reed Medical Centre, which has expertise in treating blast injuries. He
returned to Afghanistan in
early April, but had to be flown back to the U.S. after complications
occurred.
The
mystery bomber was not the first instance of a terrorist using explosives
inserted into their body in an attempt to assassinate a well-protected
target.
Another
attempt was made on a member of the ruling royal family in Saudi Arabia in
2009.
Saudi Arabia
has been trying to convert its own jihadists to non-violent citizens with
generous terms enabling them to reintegrate into normal family life. They
undergo a type of ‘decompression’ procedure, with art therapy classes and
theological instruction.
If
successfully ‘de-programmed’, they are helped with a job, accommodation and the
wherewithal to get married and start a family.
The
Saudis are also active in trying to wean their Yemeni neighbours off terrorism
— partly because that is where young Saudi jihadists go to train in the dark
arts of their deadly trade.
Perhaps
over-confident about the success of these measures, in August 2009 Prince
Mohammed bin Nayef, Saudi Arabia’s Interior Minister, was informed that a young
Yemeni had offered to surrender his jihadist beliefs — but only to the prince
in person.
The
bomber came to the prince’s luxury villa in Jeddah. Shortly after being
extensively searched and introduced to the prince, he blew up when explosives
hidden in a mobile phone in his rectum were detonated by a phone call.
The
bomber’s body was blown to pieces, with his arm embedded in the ceiling. Prince
Nayef was shaken but unscathed, apart from two bandaged fingers, visible when
he appeared on television shortly afterwards.
The
dead bomber was Abdullah al-Asirir, brother of Ibrahim al-Asirir, who, as I
mentioned before, is Al Qaeda’s chief bomb maker in the Arabian
Peninsula .
Nayef
lived because there are inherent design problems with ‘body cavity’
bombs.
The
blast is blunted by the body itself. Ninety per cent of the human body consists
of water, which is a very effective blast absorber; and in this case it
‘shaped’ the blast to go up to the ceiling rather than across the room.
Despite
this limitation, many intelligence agencies fear that we are witnessing the
start of a disturbing new trend, and that bomb designers will eventually overcome
such problems.
Hiding
things inside the human body is nothing new. Wartime U.S. intelligence agents often had
tiny maps and messages hidden inside their rectums. But experts on terrorism
now fear a further technical escalation — which is not just to insert bombs
into the body but to surgically implant them in such areas as the abdominal
cavity, the buttocks or female breasts.
They
were alerted to this after an intelligence agency picked up Al Qaeda operatives
discussing the subject online: ‘What is your opinion about surgeries through
which I can implant the bomb inside the operative’s body?’ asked one.
Some researchers in this area believe bombmakers are now working on ways to actually use the physiology of the body to improve the bomb’s efficacy.
Positioned
in the right spot in the body, the bomb could result in a fragmentation effect
similar to one packed with ball-bearings or nails — except that this time the
fragments would consist of human bone.
Twelve
of the British dead and wounded in the 7/7 London Tube bombings in 2005 had
bone shrapnel injuries, including one man blinded by a bone fragment from the
bomber himself.
How
would these implanted human bombs be set off, though?
The
plastic explosive could easily be wrapped in a packet and inserted into the
human body, and then detonated either using a mobile phone or a syringe filled
with TATP that the terrorist can inject into the explosive.
That
was what the Nigerian ‘Underpants Bomber’ Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab was trying
to do on an aeroplane bound for Detroit
in 2009 when fellow passengers jumped on him — although his explosives were
shaped inside specially manufactured underpants.
Experts
say that the human body could house up to 5lb of explosives, depending on where
it was inserted. And one could easily get a syringe onto a plane by claiming to
be a diabetic.
One
might imagine that all the explosives detectors and X-ray scanners in modern
airports and secure buildings would pick up internal bombs. The answer from
companies like Rapiscan that make such equipment is they won’t, for scanners
are designed specifically to identify explosive on the body, not inside
it.
Until
a safe technology is invented, the detection of these human bombs will still
mainly be reliant on psychological profiling, and spotting would-be bombers
before they act.
The
fact is that we are engaged in a technological race with terrorist bomb-makers.
They have sought to thwart detection with, progressively, exploding shoes,
underwear and now the human body.
Doubtless, scanning companies will one day find a way to detect explosives hidden inside the body.
Doubtless, scanning companies will one day find a way to detect explosives hidden inside the body.
But
the terrifying truth is that terrorists who are determined to find ways to kill
people will always manage to circumvent any new system.
Meanwhile,
we are going to have to learn to live with the age of the human bomb.
MICHAEL
BURLEIGH
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